Apigenin is among the most abundant flavonoids found in a variety of fruits and vegetables, including parsley, chamomile and celery. It is also a component of red wine and beer (R).
Apigenin is not very soluble in water. As a result, apigenin in conventional topical formulations such as ointments or tinctures penetrates the skin poorly. However, loading apigenin in ethosomes improves its skin deposition and transdermal permeation (R).
| Outcome | Grade | Effect | Studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skin Elasticity |
B
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| Skin Hydration |
B
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| Skin Smoothness |
B
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| Wrinkles |
B
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| Skin Density |
B
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| Outcome | Grade | Effect | Studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cellular Senescence |
B
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| Collagenase |
B
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| Cell Viability |
D
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